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• Paving slabs – old or cheap ones are fine
• Timber for the frame and legs
• Type 1 MOT hardcore

1. Mark out the area as we explain in ‘How to lay decking’. Then, dig to 200mm below where you want to surface of the decking to be.
2. Add a 50mm layer of hardcore and make sure it’s compact.
3. Build the decking sub-frame as we describe in ‘How to build a deck frame’.
4. Lay out paving slabs along the edges and in the centre of the area. This will help to spread the weight of the decking.
5. Set the decking frame on the slabs, checking for high or low points and adding off-cuts of timber where needed. Don’t forget to sand and seal these off-cuts with decking preservative.
6. Add your joists and then the deck boards, leaving the recommended gaps of expansion of between 5-8mm.

How Much Plasterboard Do I Need?

Although many people especially contractors have a tough time estimating the number of drywall or plasterboard needed to complete a project, it’s a rather simple task if all factors are taken into consideration. If you’re able to follow the same procedures taken by professionals to count dry wall sheets, you’ll be in the right direction. Let’s have a look at the procedures to follow!

lTake Square Footage Measurement

• Measure the square footage of the area where the plasterboard will be fitted.

• Multiply the height by the width of each wall or ceiling area.

• Add all quantities to obtain a total square-foot amount.

lCalculate Drywall Sheets

• To calculate the number of drywall or plasterboard sheet is very simple once you’ve gotten the total square footage.

• To get started, simply divide the total square footage of area by 32 (that’s if you are using a 4 by 8 sheets) or you can also make use of 48 to make the division (only if you’re making use of the 4 by 12 sheets).

• The answer you get after the division will give you the full number of plasterboard sheets that’s required to complete the project.

We’d recommend you include an extra 10 to 15 percent of whatever you calculate to take care of the possible odd cuts and wastages. This implies that if your total area is 1600 square feet while incorporating 4 by 8 sheets, simply divide 1600 by 32 which equals 50 sheets, now take 10% of 50 which equals 5, then add back the 5 extra to the 50 sheets earlier calculated to get 55 sheets. If you wish to estimate the cost, simply multiply the number of sheets gotten by the price per sheet. Do not forget to include delivery charges and local taxes.

As a business owner, you’d be aware before now that there’s usually a need to make financial commitment on some things that do not directly generate revenue or profit for the business. One of these expenses is an air conditioning which may not directly make you more money, but is known to provide a wide array of benefits in a work environment. If you’re still yet to be convinced about the need for an air conditioning system in your workplace, here are some reasons that explains to you why installing a heating and cooling system at your workplace can be a huge step forward for your business.

• No waste of working hours. According to several studies, when a work environment is overheated or not comfortable, workers’ productivity is always at the receiving end. In several cases, the employees tend to waste at least an hour of their working time as a result of the heat ( this number can even be higher in some cases). Also, they tend to avoid work when on their seat which is a big reason why installing an AC system at your workplace should never be overlooked.
• Improved employees’ health. For every business owner, the well being of your employees should be a top priority as this would imply a lower medical expenses and sick or redundant days. A relaxing and comfortable working environment will make the employees feel good and help them stay healthy which is crucial for improved productivity.
• It saves you money. Due to higher electricity consumption, several business owners tend to shy away from installing air conditioning systems. Compared to a normal fan, it does consume more power, however an AC system provides the better overall savings in the long run.

Primarily, quantity surveying is all about the calculation and management of the project related costs, which usually commences with helping with the initial estimates right down to assisting with the finalizing of the overall requirements of the budget. The work is done both on the site as well as in the office with the main goal of minimizing expenses and also to keep them within the set limits of a budget. On a day to day basis, a quantity surveyor is expected to undertake a number of activities which includes preparing tender and contract documents, carrying out analysis, monitoring costs variation and preparing reports, determining the client’s requirements and taking on feasibility studies, distributing work to sub contractors as well as making the necessary payments.

From the start of a building project, quantity surveyors are charged with carefully monitoring all unexpected changes which can lead to fluctuation in costs. Over the course of the project, however, they’re expected to tackle crucial tasks such as outcome analysis, work evaluation as well as progress reports. What’s more? It’s also very common for surveyors to carry on extra responsibilities which includes allocation works to subcontractors, ordering of construction materials as well as seeing to the arrangement of payments. Generally, the list of what they can handle can be limitless, it all depends on the project as well as the employer.

It’s highly likely to believe that quantity surveyors are only involved in large construction projects, but this is actually not the case. Apart from working with local authorities, commercial businesses, consultancies as well as property developers, quantity surveyors also offer their services to small both residential clients and small business owners. They’re very flexible and can capitalize on many different services like providing an initial maintenance schedule for Strata managers and many more.

In several parts of the UK, air conditioning systems are a must especially in the warmer summer months. Fortunately, if your AC system isn’t functioning the way it’s supposed to, suffers frequent system breakdowns when overworked mostly during the hot summer days or perhaps you’re just tired of just having to manage with window units, the latest air conditioning units offers both features and performance that’s superior to the earlier models. And as you would have expected, each facet comes with a cost.

There are a number of factors that can determine the cost of an air conditioning unit. Out of all these factors, the size of your home happens to be the most significant factor that influences an air conditioning unit’s cost. Air conditioning systems are measured in tons, which is a measure of the amount of heat they’re able to remove from a home within an hour. As a rule of thumb, you’ll require about 1 ton of cooling per 500 to 600 square feet. Unfortunately, the square footage alone can’t be used to determine the tonnage. Other factors that’ll also play a significant role includes the efficiency of your most preferred AC unit, how well the home is insulated as well as the thermal nature of your home. On the average, a new air conditioning system for an average home should be within the range of £1000 to £3000 for a unit as well as the installation costs which can vary largely depending on the condition of your ducts. These figures may seem quite expensive, but when the hot summer days come, you’d be glad to have had one installed in your home.

The quick and simple answer to this question is yes, stairlifts can be fitted to almost any staircases, however there are some instances where this won’t be very easy. There are a number of factors that determines whether a stairlift will perfectly fit your home. In this post, we aim to provide you with a good insight on these factors. Let’s take a look!

• The staircase width. The primary factor that really determines whether or not you can have a stairlift fitted is the width of your staircase. In the event whereby your staircase happens to be too narrow, this can lead to safety issues - users can hit their knee s on the rail or wall or the stairlift could also become a potential trip hazard. Generally, the minimum width a staircase can be to allow for a stairlift to be fitted is about 29 and 32 inches.
• The staircase height. Before going for a stairlift, the height of your staircase also needs to be put into consideration. This is prevent any potential head knocks when the stairlift is in operation. Normally, this shouldn’t be an issue for people considering a stairlift for their home, but the vertical space is one that must be considered if you’re planning to get a perch stairlift. This is due to the fact that when the user stands up, more vertical space will be taken compared to when he’s seated.
• The curved stair case. The challenge here is the fact with a curved staircase, the fittings and fixtures of your new stairlift must be tailored to the area in which it’ll operate.

• Tongue and groove timber boards
• Boards for the ledges and braces, at least 20mm thick
• Nails
• Hammer
• Saws, including a circular saw
• Chisel
• Mallet

1. Cut your boards to size If you can’t buy boards at the right height and width for your door, cut the boards to length using a circular saw. Don’t forget to sand and treat any cut ends with timber preservative. Lay out the boards in the best arrangement for your shed door, with the inside of the door facing up.
2. Arrange the ledges and braces On most shed doors, you’ll probably need 3 boards across the back of the door to form the ledges. The ledges keep the door straight and keep the boards of the door together. The braces are the parts of the door that slope down to form a ‘Z’ shape between the ledges. Ensure that the braces are sloped up from the bottom and middle hinge to stop the door from sagging as the timber expands and contracts in the weather. Once you’re happy with the arrangement, mark the spots on the boards where they will meet and cut out of the housings using a chisel and mallet.
3. Put the door together Use clamps to pull the boards together and hold the ledges and braces in place. Nail from the front of the door through the boards and ledges to fix them. Secure the ledges and braces with screws; you may want to pre-drill and countersink holes to prevent the wood from splitting. Remember to treat them with preservative if you do.
4. Fix the shed door hinges Make sure you measure carefully before attaching the hinges, ensuring you know where the pin sits in relation to where the door opens.
5. Treat the door and add locks and handles Apply some wood oil, like linseed or teak oil, to help prevent water damage. Then add locks or handles to your shed to help keep it secure.
If you’d rather leave it to the professionals, there are plenty of specialists that will be able to make a shed door for you, or even put up an entire shed.

The short answer to this is no! Smart thermostats can still be used without WiFi, however, they’ll be deprived of some certain capabilities and innovative features that comes mainly due to their ability to connect to the internet. As a result, the smart thermostat will only be functional for basic task such as heating and cooling control. In other words, making use of a WiFi connection will be in your best bet to enjoy the multiple juicy benefits that comes with a smart thermostats such as remote monitoring, ability to connect to other devices and display local weather conditions and much more. And what’s the use of purchasing a smart thermostat if you’d not be able to enjoy these remarkable features?

However, even when you have a WiFi, it’s expected for the connection to fail at times. When this happens, what will be the impact on your smart thermostat? Let’s have a closer look!

• As you would have expected, when your smart thermostat is disconnected from WiFi, features that are controlled with the mobile app would all be impacted. And this might be a big headache when you wish to access these features and control remotely when far away from home.

• When your smart thermostat connection to WiFi fails, all live updates and alerts would be affected. This implies that you’d stop seeing updates, reports and notifications on your mobile device. As a result, you’ll not be notified in case of an emergency like electricity cut-outs, water leaks, humidity and temperatures exceeding the set levels as well as thermostat’s low battery.

• The lack of a WiFi connection might have taken away all the juicy advantages of having a smart thermostat, but one function that remains unaffected is the basic one - the control of your home’s heating and cooling system. In other words, if your smart thermostat is offline, your home will still be heated and cooled to the thermostat’s set temperature.