Launceston
Launceston is a town, old district, and civil parish in Cornwall, England, UK. It is 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the middle phase of the River Tamar, which constitutes virtually the whole boundary between Cornwall and also Devon. The landscape of the community is usually steep particularly at a sharp south-western knoll topped by Launceston Castle. These gradients fall down to the River Kensey and smaller tributaries. The town centre itself is bypassed as well as is no longer physically a primary road. The A388 still runs through the town near the centre. The town continues to be figuratively the "gateway to Cornwall", due to having the A30, one of the two dual carriageways right into the county, pass directly alongside the town. The various other dual carriageway and alternate bottom line of entry is the A38 at Saltash over the Tamar Bridge and also was completed in 1962. There are smaller points of entry to Cornwall on minor roads. Launceston Steam Railway narrow-gauge heritage train runs as a tourist attraction throughout the summer months. It was recovered for aesthetic as well as commercial heritage purposes and also leaves a short rural path, it is preferred with site visitors however does not run for much of the year. Launceston Castle was constructed by Robert, Count of Mortain (half-brother of William the Conqueror) c. 1070 to regulate the surrounding location. Launceston was the caput of the feudal barony of Launceston and of the Earldom of Cornwall until replaced by Lostwithiel in the 13th century. Launceston was later on the county town of Cornwall until 1835 when Bodmin changed it. 2 civil parishes serve the community and also its borders, of which the main more built-up administrative device housed 8,952 locals at the 2011 census. 3 electoral wards include referral to the town, their complete population, from 2011 census information, being 11,837 and 2 clerical churches offer the former solitary parish, with 3 churches and a huge swathe of land to the north and also west part of the area. Launceston's slogan "Royale et Loyale" (English translation: Royal and Loyal) is a recommendation to its adherence to the Cavalier cause during the English Civil War of the mid-17th century.